Polymer Nanocomposites for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding: A Review

This review corresponds to particulate conducting material assisted polymer composites bearing a unique aspect of self-sensing application of electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding or radiation shielding. High performance and cost-effective materials in various forms of particulate composites have been developed for such applications to inhibit unwanted radiation. With a minimum concentration of conducting particles either inorganic or organic or an effective combination of both, viz. the hybrid inorganic-organic system enhances the radiation shielding features with ultralow percolation concentration (approximately 0.005-0.1 vol%), superior electrical conductivity (up to 10(6) S/m). This article consists of carbonaceous particulate materials embedded nanocomposites, conducting polymer assisted nanocomposites and rubber matrix based nanocomposites to achieve the suitable radiation shielding phenomenon. The dislodging of stratified carbonaceous materials like graphene, into the polymer matrix helps the composite better mechanical strength as well as better electrical conductivity in relatively easy fabrication methods. The electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness in dB unit in the X-band also reported in the article to tally the particulate segregated conducting polymer nanocomposites in the different aspects. The hypothesis behind those formulations effectively establishes the efficient development of conducting nanocomposites for shielding of radiation pollution in the X-band.