Prefrontal-hippocampal interactions supporting the extinction of emotional memories: the retrieval stopping model

被引:50
作者
Anderson, Michael C. [1 ,2 ]
Floresco, Stan B. [3 ,4 ]
机构
[1] Univ Cambridge, MRC Cognit & Brain Sci Unit, Cambridge, England
[2] Univ Cambridge, Behav & Clin Neurosci Inst, Cambridge, England
[3] Univ British Columbia, Dept Psychol, Vancouver, BC, Canada
[4] Univ British Columbia, Djavad Mowafaghian Ctr Brain Hlth, Vancouver, BC, Canada
基金
加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会; 英国医学研究理事会;
关键词
SUPPRESSING UNWANTED MEMORIES; NUCLEUS-ACCUMBENS SUBREGIONS; MEDIAL ORBITOFRONTAL CORTEX; FEAR EXTINCTION; INFRALIMBIC CORTEX; NEURAL MECHANISMS; ANTERIOR CINGULATE; INHIBITORY-CONTROL; COGNITIVE CONTROL; BRAIN MECHANISMS;
D O I
10.1038/s41386-021-01131-1
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
Neuroimaging has revealed robust interactions between the prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus when people stop memory retrieval. Efforts to stop retrieval can arise when people encounter reminders to unpleasant thoughts they prefer not to think about. Retrieval stopping suppresses hippocampal and amygdala activity, especially when cues elicit aversive memory intrusions, via a broad inhibitory control capacity enabling prepotent response suppression. Repeated retrieval stopping reduces intrusions of unpleasant memories and diminishes their affective tone, outcomes resembling those achieved by the extinction of conditioned emotional responses. Despite this resemblance, the role of inhibitory fronto-hippocampal interactions and retrieval stopping broadly in extinction has received little attention. Here we integrate human and animal research on extinction and retrieval stopping. We argue that reconceptualising extinction to integrate mnemonic inhibitory control with learning would yield a greater understanding of extinction's relevance to mental health. We hypothesize that fear extinction spontaneously engages retrieval stopping across species, and that controlled suppression of hippocampal and amygdala activity by the prefrontal cortex reduces fearful thoughts. Moreover, we argue that retrieval stopping recruits extinction circuitry to achieve affect regulation, linking extinction to how humans cope with intrusive thoughts. We discuss novel hypotheses derived from this theoretical synthesis.
引用
收藏
页码:180 / 195
页数:16
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