Removal of lead(II) by adsorption using treated granular activated carbon: Batch and column studies

被引:644
作者
Goel, J
Kadirvelu, K
Rajagopal, C
Garg, VK
机构
[1] Def R&D Org, Ctr Fire Explosives & Environm Safety, Delhi 110054, India
[2] Guru Jambheshwar Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
关键词
lead; adsorption; treated activated carbon (AC-S); static; column; Bohart-Adams model; regeneration;
D O I
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.05.032
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
In the present study, a deeper understanding of adsorption behavior of Pb(II) from aqueous systems onto activated carbon and treated activated carbon has been attempted via static and column mode studies under various conditions. It probes mainly two adsorbents that is, activated carbon (AC) and modified activated carbon (AC-S). Characterization of both the adsorbents was one of the key focal areas of the present study. This has shown a clear change or demarcation in the various physical and chemical properties of the modified adsorbent from its precursor activated carbon. Both the adsorbents are subjected to static mode adsorption studies and then after a comparison based on isotherm analysis; more efficient adsorbent is screened for column mode adsorption studies. The lead removal increased for sample of treated carbon. The extent of Pb(II) removal was found to be higher in the treated activated carbon. The aim of carrying out the continuous-flow studies was to assess the effect of various process variables, viz., of bed height, hydraulic loading rate and initial feed concentration on breakthrough time and adsorption capacity. This has helped in ascertaining the practical applicability of the adsorbent. Breakthrough curves were plotted for the adsorption of lead on the adsorbent using continuous-flow column operation by varying different operating parameters like hydraulic loading rate (3.0-10.5 m(3)/(h m(2))), bed height (0.3-0.5 m) and feed concentrations (2.0-6.0 mg/l). At the end, an attempt has also been made to model the data generated from column studies using the empirical relationship based on Bohart-Adams model. This model has provided an objective framework to the subjective interpretation of the adsorption system and the model constant obtained here can be used to achieve the ultimate objective of our study that is, up scaling and designing of adsorption process at the pilot plant scale level. AC-S column regeneration using 0.5 and 1.0 M concentration of HNO3 has been investigated. It has shown a regeneration efficiency of 52.0% with 0.5 M HNO3. (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier B.V.
引用
收藏
页码:211 / 220
页数:10
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