Profile of Inflammatory Mediators in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Phenotype and Genotype

Problem Our study aimed to assess in vitro production of IL-10, IL-6, TNF-A, and adiponectin serum levels in pregnant women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and to investigate a possible association between GDM and IL-10) 1082 A> G (rs1800896), IL-6) 174 G> C (rs1800795), TNF-A) 308 G> A (rs1800629), adiponectin + 45 T> G (rs2241766), and adiponectin) 11377 C> G (rs266729) gene polymorphisms. Method of study This case-control study included 79 women with GDM and 169 healthy controls (C) grouped according to pre-pregnancy BMI. IL-10, IL-6, and TNF-A culture supernatant and adiponectin serum levels were assessed by ELISA. DNA genotype was performed by PCR-RFLP. Results Adiponectin levels were significantly higher in C than GDM women, even within the same BMI category. Cytokines levels were similar between the groups. There were no associations between GDM and the analyzed gene polymorphisms. Conclusions Women with GDM have significantly lower adiponectin levels in the third trimester, regardless of BMI.