Effects of mulch and irrigation system on sweet onion:: 1.: Bolting, plant growth, and bulb yield and quality

被引:23
作者
Díaz-Pérez, JC
Randle, WM
Boyhan, G
Walcott, RW
Giddings, D
Bertrand, D
Sanders, HF
Gitaitis, RD
机构
[1] Univ Georgia, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Dept Hort, Tifton, GA 31793 USA
[2] Univ Georgia, Dept Hort, Athens, GA 30602 USA
[3] Georgia So Univ, Dept Hort, Statesboro, GA 30460 USA
[4] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Athens, GA 30602 USA
[5] Univ Georgia, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Dept Plant Pathol, Tifton, GA 31793 USA
关键词
Allium cepa; root zone temperature; plasticulture; drip irrigation; soil water potential;
D O I
10.21273/JASHS.129.2.0218
中图分类号
S6 [园艺];
学科分类号
0902 ;
摘要
Sweet onions (Allium cepa L.) are typically grown on bare soil and irrigated with high-pressure systems such as sprinklers or center-pivots. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of irrigation system and mulch on bolting, bulb yield and bulb quality over 3 years. The experimental design was a split plot, where the main plot was irrigation system (drip or sprinkler) and the subplot was the type of mulch (bare soil, black plastic film or wheat straw). The results showed that individual bulb weight and bulb yields under drip irrigation were similar to those under sprinkler irrigation. Plants grown on bare soil had the highest total yield during the three seasons and among the highest marketable yield. There were no consistent differences in the bulb number or yield of plants on plastic film mulch compared to those of plants on wheat straw mulch. Plants on wheat straw mulch had reduced foliar nitrogen content. Variability in yields among mulches and seasons was partly explained by changes in seasonal root zone temperature and sod water potential. Total and marketable yields and weight of individual bulbs increased with increasing root zone temperatures up to an optimum at 15.8degreesC, followed by reductions in yields and individual bulb weight at >15.8degreesC. Onion bolting increased with decreasing foliage nitrogen content, with plants on wheat straw having the highest bolting incidence. Bolting also increased with decreasing root zone temperatures for the season. Total and marketable yields increased with decreasing mean seasonal soil water potential down to -30 kPa. Irrigation system and mulches had no consistent effect on the soluble solids content or pungency of onion bulbs.
引用
收藏
页码:218 / 224
页数:7
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