Proliferation and In Vitro Wound Healing Effects of the Microniosomes Containing Narcissus tazetta L. Bulb Extract on Primary Human Fibroblasts (HDFs)

Purpose In Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM), different natural treatments have been suggested for skin damages such as Narcissus tazetta L. bulb application. New drug delivery systems such as niosomes have shown considerable increase transdermal drug delivery through stratum corneum, the main barrier against substances transport into skin. The aim of this study is preparation of niosomal formulations from N tazetta bulb extract and evaluation of its in vitro wound healing effect. Materials and methods Non-ionic surfactant vesicles (NSVs or niosomes) were prepared by film hydration method from percolated extract of N tazetta bulb. A number of 12 niosomal formulations (F1-F12) were prepared using different proportions of Span 60/Tween 60/cholesterol and 80% methanol-dissolved/aqueous PEN (percolation extract of N. tazetta) (30 and 50 mg/ml). Their morphology, particle size, physical and chemical stability and encapsulation efficiency was studied. In vitro wound healing effect of various concentrations of the best PEN niosomal formulation (F9) was evaluated in comparison to PEN on human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). Results Increasing the aqueous/methanolic PEN concentration from 3 to 5% resulted size reduction of NSVs with statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). F9 showed the most physicochemical stability and was chosen for in vitro wound healing effect. This formulation exhibited significantly effects (p < 0.05) on cell proliferation in HDF cells at 1.562 and 3.125 mu g/ml compared with the untreated cells using neutral red assay. Conclusion Formulation of PEN in niosome carrier significantly decreased the gap width on human dermal fibroblasts.