Cholesterol and the journey of extracellular vesicles

被引:95
作者
Pfrieger, Frank W. [1 ,2 ]
Vitale, Nicolas [1 ,2 ,3 ]
机构
[1] CNRS UPR 3212, Inst Neurosci Cellulaires & Integrat, F-67084 Strasbourg, France
[2] Univ Strasbourg, F-67084 Strasbourg, France
[3] INSERM, F-75654 Paris 13, France
关键词
cellular cholesterol; diseases/dyslipidemias; macrophages/monocytes; platelets; cholesterol/efflux; atherosclerosis; endosome; multivesicular bodies; PLATELET-DERIVED MICROPARTICLES; MEMBRANE-PARTICLES; LIPID-COMPOSITION; YOUNG-PATIENTS; TISSUE FACTOR; EXOSOMES; RELEASE; PROTEINS; ENDOCYTOSIS; SECRETION;
D O I
10.1194/jlr.R084210
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Eukaryotic cells employ distinct means to release specific signals and material. Research within the last decade has identified different types of membrane-enclosed structures collectively called extracellular vesicles (EVs) as one of them. EVs fall into two categories depending on their subcellular origin. Exosomes are generated within the endosomal system and reach the extracellular space upon fusion of multivesicular bodies. Microvesicles or microparticles are generated by shedding of the plasma membrane. Sterols are essential components of eukaryotic membranes and serve as precursors or cofactors of numerous signaling molecules; their content and subcellular distribution are tightly controlled. The prominent roles of sterols in cells raise the question of whether and how these components impact EVs. In this review, we compile evidence for cholesterol accumulation in EVs and discuss its possible contribution to their biogenesis, release, and uptake. We also consider potential implications of EVs in cellular sterol homeostasis and in cholesterol-related diseases.
引用
收藏
页码:2255 / 2261
页数:7
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