Potential effects of brevetoxins and toxic elements on various health variables in Kemp's ridley (Lepidochelys kempii) and green (Chelonia mydas) sea turtles after a red tide bloom event

被引:47
作者
Perrault, Justin R. [1 ]
Stacy, Nicole I. [2 ]
Lehner, Andreas F. [3 ]
Mott, Cody R. [4 ]
Hirsch, Sarah [5 ]
Gorham, Jonathan C. [4 ]
Buchweitz, John P. [3 ]
Bresette, Michael J. [4 ]
Walsh, Catherine J. [1 ]
机构
[1] Mote Marine Lab, 1600 Ken Thompson Pkwy, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA
[2] Univ Florida, Dept Large Anim Clin Sci, Coll Vet Med, 2015 Southwest 16th Ave,POB 100136, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA
[3] Michigan State Univ, Vet Diagnost Lab, 4125 Beaumont Rd, Lansing, MI 48910 USA
[4] Inwater Res Grp, 4160 Northeast Hyline Dr, Jensen Beach, FL 34957 USA
[5] Loggerhead Marinelife Ctr, 14200 US Highway 1, Juno Beach, FL 33408 USA
关键词
Disease; Fibropapillomatosis; Health; Heavy metal; Immune system; Marine turtle; PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; GLOBAL RESEARCH PRIORITIES; KARENIA-BREVIS BLOOMS; BAJA-CALIFORNIA-SUR; CARETTA-CARETTA; HEAVY-METALS; DERMOCHELYS-CORIACEA; OXIDATIVE STRESS; IMMUNE-SYSTEM; PROTEIN ELECTROPHORESIS;
D O I
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.149
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Natural biotoxins and anthropogenic toxicants pose a significant risk to sea turtle health. Documented effects of contaminants include potential disease progression and adverse impacts on development, immune function, and survival in these imperiled species. The shallow seagrass habitats of Florida's northwest coast (Big Bend) serve as an important developmental habitat for Kemp's ridley (Lepidochelys kempii) and green (Chelonia mydas) sea turtles; however, few studies have been conducted in this area. Our objectives were (1) to evaluate plasma analytes (mass, minimum straight carapace length, body condition index [BCI], fibropapilloma tumor score, lysozyme, superoxide dismutase, reactive oxygen/nitrogen species, plasma protein electrophoresis, cholesterol, and total solids) in Kemp's ridleys and green turtles and their correlation to brevetoxins that were released from a red tide bloom event from July-October 2014 in the Gulf of Mexico near Florida's Big Bend, and (2) to analyze red blood cells in Kemp's ridleys and green turtles for toxic elements (arsenic, cadmium, lead, mercury, selenium, thallium) with correlation to the measured plasma analytes. Positive correlations were observed between brevetoxins and alpha(2)-globulins in Kemp's ridleys and alpha(2)- and gamma-globulins in green turtles, indicating potential immunostimulation. Arsenic, cadmium, and lead positively correlated with superoxide dismutase in Kemp's ridleys, suggesting oxidative stress. Lead and mercury in green turtles negatively correlated with BCI, while mercury positively correlated with total tumor score of green turtles afflicted with fibropapillomatosis, suggesting a possible association with mercury and increased tumor growth. The total tumor score of green turtles positively correlated with total protein, total globulins, alpha(2)-globulins, and gamma-globulins, further suggesting inflammation and immunomodulation as a result of fibropapillomatosis. Lastly, brevetoxin concentrations were positively related to tumor score, indicating potential tumor promotion by brevetoxin. These results signify that brevetoxins and toxic elements elicit various negative effects on sea turtle health, including immune function, oxidative stress, and possibly disease progression. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:967 / 979
页数:13
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