An Adaptive Hierarchical Multi-Hop Routing Protocol based on Energy Balance in WSN

Due to the harsh battlefield environment and the large amount of transmission data, it is preferable for individual soldiers with sensor nodes to form a wireless sensor network (WSN) with command center, so that to carry out more concealing and deeper military operations. However, the data transmission in the mobile WSN faces many difficult challenges such as unfixed topology, packet loss, high energy consumption, etc. How to design an efficient route that improves the packet transmission success rate and WSN lifetime effectively has been one of the important issues in mobile WSN researches. A variety of cluster routing protocols have been proposed in the past, however, it is hard to balance energy consumption and lifetime. Hence, this paper proposes an adaptive hierarchical multi-hop routing (AHMHR) protocol based on energy balance so as to enhance the reliability of long-distance transmission in the mobile WSN. Preliminary simulation is performed and shows great potential in improving packet transmission success rate, reducing delay and energy consumption when compared with the existing protocols, including LEACH, LEACH-ME and CBR-Mobile. The simulation results also prove that the performance of AHMHR can maintain high level stability and AHMHR protocol can achieve energy balance and prolong WSN lifetime regardless of the proportion of mobile nodes.