The use of a functional test battery as a non-invasive method of fatigue assessment

To assess whether a battery of performance markers, both individually and as group, would be sensitive to fatigue, a within group random cross-over design compared multiple variables during seated control and fatigue (repeated sprint cycling) conditions. Thirty-two physically active participants completed a neuromuscular fatigue questionnaire, Stroop task, postural sway, squat jump, countermovement jump, isometric mid-thigh pull and 10 s maximal sprint cycle (Sprint(max)) before and after each condition (15 min, 1 h, 24 h and 48 h). In comparison to control, larger neuromuscular fatigue questionnaire total score decrements were observed 15 min (5.20 +/- 4.6), 1 h (3.33 +/- 3.9) and 24 h (1.83 +/- 4.8) after cycling. Similarly, the fatigue condition elicited greater declines than control at 15 min and 1 h post in countermovement jump height (1.67 +/- 1.90 cm and 1.04 +/- 2.10 cm), flight time-contraction time ratio (0.03 +/- 0.06 and 0.05 +/- 0.11), and velocity (0.06 +/- 0.07 m.s(-1) and 0.04 +/- 0.08 m.s(-1)). After fatigue, decrements were observed up to 48 h for average Sprint(max) cadence (4-6 RPM), up to 24 h in peak Sprint(max) cadence (2-5 RPM) and up to 1 h in average and peak Sprint(max) power (45 +/- 60 W and 58 +/- 71 W). Modelling variables in a stepwise regression demonstrated that CMJ height explained 53.2% and 51.7% of 24 h and 48 h Sprint(max) average power output. Based upon these data, the fatigue induced by repeated sprint cycling coincided with changes in the perception of fatigue and markers of performance during countermovement and squat jumps. Furthermore, multiple regression modelling revealed that a single variable (countermovement jump height) explained average power output.