Fundus-controlled function testing of the macula using scanning laser ophthalmoscopy

Exact functional testing in macular diseases still presents a challenge for the ophthalmologist in detecting both small (para)central scotomas and changes in fixation habits. The recent development of scanning laser ophthalmoscopy has enabled functional testing with simultaneous observation of the fundus. In addition to automatic static threshold fundus perimetry, kinetic fundus-controlled perimetry and special fixation tasks can be applied. This method also allows the examination of reading performance combined with the era ct observation of fixation a nd has been increasingly integrated into clinical routine. This allows more exact observations concerning macular function for diagnostic purposes, in evaluating new treatment methods, and as expertises in simulation or aggravation in patients with macular diseases.