Educational Achievement Gaps between Immigrant and Native Students in Two "New" Immigration Countries: Italy and Spain in Comparison

被引:71
作者
Azzolini, Davide [1 ]
Schnell, Philip [2 ,3 ]
Palmer, John R. B. [4 ,5 ]
机构
[1] Univ Trento, Sch Social Sci, Trento, Italy
[2] Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam Inst Social Sci Res, NL-1012 WX Amsterdam, Netherlands
[3] Univ Vienna, Dept Sociol, A-1010 Vienna, Austria
[4] Princeton Univ, Woodrow Wilson Sch Publ & Int Affairs, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA
[5] Princeton Univ, Off Populat Res, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA
关键词
educational achievement gap; immigrant children; generational status; new immigration countries; Italy; Spain; PISA; SCHOOL; 2ND-GENERATION; ASSIMILATION; UNEMPLOYMENT; ATTAINMENT; INEQUALITY;
D O I
10.1177/0002716212441590
中图分类号
D0 [政治学、政治理论];
学科分类号
0302 ; 030201 ;
摘要
The authors use 2009 Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) data to determine how immigrant children in Italy and Spain compare with native students in reading and mathematics skills. Drawing on the vast empirical literature in countries with traditionally high rates of immigration, the authors test the extent to which the most well-established patterns and hypotheses of immigrant/native educational achievement gaps also apply to these comparatively "new" immigration countries. The authors find that both first- and second-generation immigrant students underperform natives in both countries. Although socioeconomic background and language skills contribute to the explanation of achievement gaps, significant differences remain within the countries even after controlling for those variables. While modeling socioeconomic background reduces the observed gaps to a very similar extent in both countries, language spoken at home is more strongly associated with achievement gaps in Italy. School-type differentiation, such as tracking in Italy and school ownership in Spain, do not reduce immigrant/native gaps, although in Italy tracking is strongly associated with immigrant students' test scores.
引用
收藏
页码:46 / 77
页数:32
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