Finite element analysis of multistory structures subjected to train-induced vibrations considering soil-structure interaction

Due to the expansion of cities through megaprojects and the increase in populations in large cities, many buildings are constructed beside train tracks. Trains passing nearby buildings cause ground vibrations that may affect the structures and their foundations. In this research, a detailed 3-D finite element analysis is conducted on a ten-story reinforced concrete framed structure resting on a raft foundation using ABAQUS. The soil profile consists of silty clay for 10 m followed by dense sand for 40 m. The soil block considered in the analysis has plan dimensions of 100m x 100m. The train loads are modeled using moving point loads. The train track is considered at different distances from the building. The effect of the train speed and its track distance from the building on the response of the structure with its foundations are investigated. Mitigation techniques including open trenches and in-filled foam trenches are considered in order to mitigate the effect of vibrations induced by trains on the adjacent building. The results showed that these techniques are efficient in reducing the train-induced vibrations transmitted to the soil and the adjacent building. The average reduction percentage in acceleration was 61.29 % and 57.39 % when using in-filled foam trench and open trench mitigation techniques, respectively.