Improved Generator Voltage Control in Power Flow Solutions

Generator voltage control in power flow solutions may be better represented by a general Q(V) function instead of the current standard PV/PQ modeling. Voltage control modeling in power flow simulations plays an important role in representing one of the more important aspects of physical power systems. Historically, PV/PQ bus modeling has been used as a standard across simulation packages. However, physical systems provide system generators with a setpoint tolerance, which may not be well represented by the strict rule-based approach in PV/PQ modeling. Instead, the voltage control may be better represented by a "reactive power is a function of voltage" control model, as this better correlates with an actual AVR implementation. Some system characteristics of PV/PQ modeling and two Q(V) function models are presented in the sections that follow.