The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of single versus multiple measures of biofeedback on basketball free throw shooting performance. A secondary purpose was to determine whether changes in perceived control and self-efficacy mediate the biofeedback/performance relationship. Intermediate level basketball players (N = 36) were randomly assigned to single (i.e. EMG) biofeedback, multimodal (i.e. EEG, EMG, HR) biofeedback: or to a control reading rendition. All groups completed 60 free throws pre- and post treatment as well as following each treatment session. A Condition x Time (Pre, Post) MANOVA showed only a Time main effect for performance. Stepwise multiple regression indicated that self-efficacy was the only significant predictor of performance accounting for approximately 60% and 46% of the variance in pre- and post-test performance scores respectively. The relationship between biofeedback and performance was not influenced by either perceived control or self-efficacy.