Impact of Gender on Child and Adolescent PTSD

被引：65
作者：
Garza, Kristie [1 ]
Jovanovic, Tanja [1 ,2 ]
机构：
[1] Emory Univ, Neurosci Program, Grad Div Biol & Biomed Sci, 49 Jesse Hill Jr Dr NE,Suite 331, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
[2] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, 49 Jesse Hill Jr Dr NE,Suite 331, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
来源：
CURRENT PSYCHIATRY REPORTS | 2017年 / 19卷 / 11期
基金：
美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词：
PTSD; Sex differences; Estrogen; Puberty; Development; Adolescence; POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; FEAR-POTENTIATED STARTLE; SEX-DIFFERENCES; MENSTRUAL-CYCLE; FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITY; ESTRADIOL LEVELS; ESTROGEN-LEVELS; EXTINCTION; WOMEN; AMYGDALA;
D O I：
10.1007/s11920-017-0830-6
中图分类号：
R749 [精神病学];
学科分类号：
100205 ;
摘要：
P urpose of Review This review examines the recent literature on biological factors that influence sex differences in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) during childhood and adolescence, focusing on neurobiological, hormonal, and genetic factors that may increase risk in girls. Recent Findings More than 60% of children and adolescents are exposed to traumatic events, and many develop PTSD. There is increasing recognition of gender differences in PTSD, with women having double the rates of the disorder compared to men. These gender differences in symptoms and their underlying neurobiology appear to emerge during adolescence, although it is still unclear which biological mechanisms may play key roles in the development of sex difference. Summary The literature on gender effects in children and adolescents is still in the early stages, and more prospective and longitudinal work is needed; however, estrogen appears to play a key role in increasing risk for PTSD in girls, which emerges in adolescence.
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页数：6
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