The MoS2 nanosheets suspensions were prepared based on liquid exfoliation method. The suspensions are characterized by absorbance and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The results show the PL signal from suspensions is enhanced evidently. Meanwhile, the optimized processing conditions, such as increasing of ultrasonic time, decreasing of centrifugal rotational speed, using large-size bulk MoS2 and adding ball-milling process, could enhance the absorbance of the suspensions. Using micro-area PL testing can obtain the PL signal from single MoS2 nanosheet, and it' s PL main peak is located at 652 nm,which corresponds to a band gap of 1. 9 eV. When the single MoS2 nanosheet is annealed, its PL signal is enhanced. The morphology of MoS2 nansosheets is characterized by SEM and AFM, the results show the most MoS2 nansosheets have a lateral size of several hundred nanometers and a thickness of several nanometers. Besides, MoS2 nansosheets reinforced epoxy composites were prepared by mixing MoS2 nansosheets suspension and E51 epoxy. The composites are characterized by PL and tensile testing. And the results show the PL signal from composites is enhanced as well. While the composites are annealed, the PL signal shows obvious shift which could be ascribed to residual thermal stress in the composites. Meanwhile, the toughness of the composites is also improved.