Nitrogen leaching from sheep-, cattle- and deer-grazed pastures in the Lake Taupo catchment in New Zealand

被引:32
作者
Hoogendoorn, C. J. [1 ]
Betteridge, K. [1 ]
Ledgard, S. F. [2 ]
Costall, D. A. [1 ]
Park, Z. A. [1 ]
Theobald, P. W. [1 ]
机构
[1] AgRes Grasslands, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
[2] AgRes Ruakura Res Ctr, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
关键词
ammonium N; dissolved organic N; nitrate N; DISSOLVED ORGANIC NITROGEN; URINE PATCHES; SOIL FERTILITY; FEMALE SHEEP; GRASSLAND; CARBON; FERTILIZATION; DYNAMICS; LOSSES; WATERS;
D O I
10.1071/AN10179
中图分类号
S8 [畜牧、 动物医学、狩猎、蚕、蜂];
学科分类号
0905 ;
摘要
A replicated grazing study measuring nitrogen (N) leaching from cattle-, sheep- and deer-grazed pastures was conducted to investigate the impact of different animal species on N leaching in the Lake Taupo catchment in New Zealand. Leaching losses of nitrate N from intensively grazed pastures on a highly porous pumice soil in the catchment averaged 37, 26 and 25 kg N/ha. year for cattle-, sheep-and deer-grazed areas, respectively, over the 3-year study and were not significantly different (P > 0.05). Leaching losses of ammonium N were much lower (3 kg N/ha. year for all three species of grazer; P > 0.05). Amounts of dissolved organic N leached were significantly higher than that of mineral N (nitrate N + ammonium N), and over the 3-year study averaged 44, 43 and 39 kg N/ha. year for cattle-, sheep-and deer-grazed areas, respectively (P > 0.05). On a stock unit equivalence basis (1 stock unit is equivalent to 550 kg DM consumed/year), cattle-grazed areas leached significantly more mineral N than sheep-or deer-grazed areas (5.5, 2.9 and 3.4 g mineral N leached/24 h grazing by 1 stock unit, for cattle, sheep and deer, respectively) (P < 0.001). Likewise, based on the amount of N apparently consumed (estimated by difference in mass of herbage N pre- and post-grazing), cattle-grazed pastures leached more mineral N than sheep-or deer-grazed pastures (123, 75 and 75 g mineral N/kg N apparently consumed for cattle, sheep and deer, respectively) (P < 0.01). This study gives valuable information on mineral N leaching in a high-rainfall environment on this free-draining pumice soil, and provides new data to assist in developing strategies to mitigate mineral N leaching losses from grazed pastures using different animal species.
引用
收藏
页码:416 / 425
页数:10
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