Post-COVID-19 complications in hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients: the Silesian database of COVID-19 complications (SILCOV-19)

INTRODUCTION Due to the extent of the pandemic, high prevalence and severity of complications in the early post-recovery period are expected. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to compare the scope of early post-COVID-19 complications in patients who had the disease and were or were not hospitalized. PATIENTS AND METHODS This was a prospective, observational, registry-based cohort study conducted at a tertiary cardiovascular hospital in Silesia, Poland. Interdisciplinary diagnostics, including cardiovascular, pneumatological, respiratory, neurological, and psychiatric tests, was performed during the study visit. All patients completed the study. Two-hundred unselected, adult, white men and women with the symptoms of acute COVID-19 were included, of which 86 patients had the disease but did not require hospitalization. RESULTS The median (interquartile range) time from symptom onset to the study visit was 107 (87-117) and 105 (79-127) days in nonhospitalized and hospitalized patients, respectively. Lung lesions on high-resolution computed tomography were found in 10 (8.8%) and 33 (39.3%) of nonhospitalized and hospitalized patients, respectively (P<0.01); no lesions were visualized on chest X-ray images. Elevated platelet distribution width was found in more than 70% of the patients in both groups. More than half of the patients had insomnia, regardless of the hospitalization status. CONCLUSIONS The abnormal platelet parameters, functional and radiological findings in the lungs, and insomnia were the most frequent short-term COVID-19 complications in hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients. Considering the number of patients who have had COVID-19 worldwide, a high burden of the post-COVID-19 complications might be expected.