Tobacco Smoking, Eating Behaviors, and Body Weight: a Review

被引:47
作者
Chao, Ariana M. [1 ,2 ]
Wadden, Thomas A. [2 ]
Ashare, Rebecca L. [2 ]
Loughead, James [2 ]
Schmidt, Heath D. [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Penn, Sch Nursing, Dept Biobehav Hlth Sci, 418 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
[2] Univ Penn, Dept Psychiat, Perelman Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
基金
美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词
Cigarettes; Obesity; Nicotine; Relapse; Smoking cessation; Reward;
D O I
10.1007/s40429-019-00253-3
中图分类号
R194 [卫生标准、卫生检查、医药管理];
学科分类号
摘要
Purpose of ReviewThis narrative review provides an overview of the relationships among tobacco smoking, eating behaviors, and body weight. The aims are to (1) examine the concurrent and longitudinal associations between tobacco smoking and body weight, (2) describe potential mechanisms underlying the relationships between smoking and body weight, with a focus on mechanisms related to eating behaviors and appetite, and (3) discuss management of concomitant tobacco smoking and obesity.Recent FindingsAdolescents who smoke tobacco tend to have body mass indexes (BMI) the same as or higher than nonsmokers. However, adult tobacco smokers tend to have lower BMIs and unhealthier diets relative to nonsmokers. Smoking cessation is associated with a mean body weight gain of 4.67 kg after 12 months of abstinence, though there is substantial variability. An emerging literature suggests that metabolic factors known to regulate food intake (e.g., ghrelin, leptin) may also play an important role in smoking-related behaviors. While the neural mechanisms underlying tobacco smoking-induced weight gain remain unclear, brain imaging studies indicate that smoking and eating cues overlap in several brain regions associated with learning, memory, motivation, and reward. Behavioral and pharmacological treatments have shown short-term effects in limiting post-cessation weight gain; however, their longer-term efficacy is limited.SummaryFurther studies are needed to identify the exact mechanisms underlying smoking, eating behaviors, and body weight. Moreover, effective treatment options are needed to prevent long-term weight gain during smoking abstinence.
引用
收藏
页码:191 / 199
页数:9
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