Hyperspectral Anomaly Detection via Integration of Feature Extraction and Background Purification

Anomaly detection (AD) has become a hotspot in hyperspectral imagery (HSI) processing due to its advantage in detecting potential targets without prior knowledge, and a variety of algorithms are proposed for a better performance. However, they usually either fail to extract intrinsic features underlying HSIs, or suffer from the contamination of noise and anomalies. To address these problems, we propose a new anomaly detector by integrating fractional Fourier transform (FrFT) with low rank and sparse matrix decomposition (LRaSMD). First, distinctive features of HSI data are extracted via FrFT. Then, row-constrained LRaSMD (RC-LRaSMD), which is more practical and stable than the traditional LRaSMD, is employed to separate background from noise and anomalies. Finally, we implement an atom-selection strategy to construct the background covariance matrix for detection. The experimental results with several HSI data sets demonstrate satisfying detection performance compared with other state-of-the-art detectors.