[1] Univ Reading, Dept Geog & Environm Sci, Reading RG6 6AB, Berks, England
[2] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Minist Educ, Key Lab Earth Syst Modeling, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China
[3] Avignon Univ, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD,Inst Mediterraneen Biodivers & Ecol Marine &, Technopole Arbois Mediterranee, F-13545 Aix En Provence, France
[4] Int Inst Appl Syst Anal, Schlosspl 1, A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria
[5] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Forest Ecol & Management, S-90183 Umea, Sweden
[6] Imperial Coll London, Dept Life Sci, Silwood Pk Campus,Buckhurst Rd, Ascot SL5 7PY, Berks, England
[7] Macquarie Univ, Dept Biol Sci, N Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
[8] Umea Univ, Dept Math & Math Stat, S-90187 Umea, Sweden
[9] Univ Utrecht, Fac Geosci, Copernicus Inst Sustainable Dev, Environm Sci, Vening Meinesz Bldg,Princetonlaan 8a, NL-3584 CB Utrecht, Netherlands
[10] Grad Univ Adv Studies Sokendai, Dept Evolutionary Studies Biosyst, Hayama, Kanagawa 2400193, Japan
[11] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Climate & Ecosyst Sci Div, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
[12] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
[13] Imperial Coll London, Dept Phys, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, England
[14] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys Geog, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
[15] Stockholm Univ, Bolin Ctr Climate Res, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
[16] UAB, CSIC, CREAF, Global Ecol, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain
[17] CREAF, Cerdanyola Valles Barcel 08193, Catalonia, Spain
[18] BOKU Univ Life Sci & Nat Resources, Gregor Medel Str 33, A-1180 Vienna, Austria
[19] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Landscape Architecture & Rural Syst Engn, Seoul 08826, South Korea
[20] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 2901 Main St, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA
[21] ETH, Dept Environm Syst Sci, Univ Str 2, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
[22] Swiss Fed Inst Forest Snow & Landscape Res WSL, Zrcherstr 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland