THE DEVELOPMENT OF COX-1 AND COX-2 INHIBITORS: A REVIEW

WNSAIDs (Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) show its effect by preventing prostaglandin synthesis, which reasons ulcer complications and mucosal damage all over the gastrointestinal tract. The world's most accepted drug was aspirin for treatment of pain and inflammation without knowing that it has the ability to inhibit prostaglandin production by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase enzyme for the treatment of pain and inflammation, until the late 1970s. The discovery of cyclo-oxygenase isoenzyme (COX-1 and COX-2), and their distinct function leads to the development of COX-1 and COX-2 selective inhibitors without any gastrointestinal toxicity. Initial intimations of the second form of cyclooxygenase (COX-2), which has different sensitivity for other drugs like aspirin, finally accompanied in a stimulating period of cyclooxygenase inhibitor discovery, concluding in the overview of an absolutely new generation of anti-inflammatory drugs. The aim of this paper is to review the development of COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitors. This paper also reviews that, what are the importance and history of natural products in the treatment of inflammation as COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitor.