Commonalities and complementarities among approaches to conservation monitoring and evaluation

被引:104
作者
Mascia, Michael B. [1 ]
Pallier, Sharon [1 ]
Thieme, Michele L. [1 ]
Rowe, Andy [2 ]
Bottrill, Madeleine C. [3 ]
Danielsen, Finn [4 ]
Geldmann, Jonas [5 ]
Naidoo, Robin [1 ]
Pullin, Andrew S. [6 ]
Burgess, Neil D. [1 ,5 ]
机构
[1] World Wildlife Fund, Conservat Sci Program, Washington, DC 20037 USA
[2] ARCeconomics Inc, Salt Spring Isl, BC V8K 1C2, Canada
[3] Conservat Int, Arlington, VA 22202 USA
[4] Nordisk Fond Miljo & Udvikling, DK-1159 Copenhagen, Denmark
[5] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Biol, Ctr Macroecol Evolut & Climate, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
[6] Bangor Univ, Sch Environm Nat Resources & Geog, Ctr Evidence Based Conservat, Bangor LL54 2UW, Gwynedd, Wales
关键词
Ambient monitoring; Management assessment; Performance measurement; Impact evaluation; Systematic review; PROTECTED AREAS; MANAGEMENT EFFECTIVENESS; BIODIVERSITY; INDICATORS; CENSUS; SCALE;
D O I
10.1016/j.biocon.2013.11.017
中图分类号
X176 [生物多样性保护];
学科分类号
090705 ;
摘要
Commonalities and complementarities among approaches to conservation monitoring and evaluation (M&E) are not well articulated, creating the potential for confusion, misuse, and missed opportunities to inform conservation policy and practice. We examine the relationships among five approaches to conservation M&E, characterizing each approach in eight domains: the focal question driving each approach, when in the project cycle each approach is employed, scale of data collection, the methods of data collection and analysis, the implementers of data collection and analysis, the users of M&E outputs, and the decisions informed by these outputs. Ambient monitoring measures status and change in ambient social and ecological conditions, independent of any conservation intervention. Management assessment measures management inputs, activities, and outputs, as the basis for investments to build management capacity for conservation projects. Performance measurement assesses project or program progress toward desired levels of specific activities, outputs, and outcomes. Impact evaluation is the systematic process of measuring the intended and unintended causal effects of conservation interventions, with emphasis upon long-term impacts on ecological and social conditions. Systematic review examines existing research findings to assess the state of the evidence regarding the impacts of conservation interventions, and to synthesize the insights emerging from this evidence base. Though these five approaches have some commonalities, they complement each other to provide unique insights for conservation planning, capacity-building, adaptive management, learning, and accountability. Ambient monitoring, management assessment, and performance measurement are now commonplace in conservation, but opportunities remain to inform conservation policy and practice more fully through catalytic investments in impact evaluations and systematic reviews. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:258 / 267
页数:10
相关论文
共 85 条
[1]  
[Anonymous], 2002, GLOSS KEY TERMS EV R
[2]  
[Anonymous], EVALUATION 21 CENTUR
[3]  
[Anonymous], 1999, European Environment Agency Technical Report, P1
[4]  
[Anonymous], US LOG MOD BRING TOG
[5]  
[Anonymous], USAID EV POL
[6]  
[Anonymous], 1997, PROGR PUBLIC HLTH
[7]  
Bartlett R., 1994, ENV POLICY 1990S, P167
[8]  
Bertram J.G., 1865, HARVEST SEA CONTRIBU
[9]  
Birnbaum M., 2009, NEW DIRECITONS EVALU, V2009, P1
[10]   Does recovery planning improve the status of threatened species? [J].
Bottrill, Madeleine C. ;
Walsh, Jessica C. ;
Watson, James E. M. ;
Joseph, Liana N. ;
Ortega-Argueta, Alejandro ;
Possingham, Hugh P. .
BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION, 2011, 144 (05) :1595-1601