In-situ formation of ligand-stabilized bismuth nanosheets for efficient CO2 conversion

Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide provides a feasible solution to the energy and climate crisis. Bi-based catalysts are promising candidates to electrochemically convert carbon dioxide (CO2) into formic acid or formate. Herein, ligand-stabilized Bi nanosheets are obtained from in situ electrochemical reduction of a Bibased metal-organic framework, which exhibit remarkable electrocatalytic performance for CO2 reduction. A high Faradic efficiency of 98 % for formate is achieved at a potential of -0.80 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) with an improved durability over 40 h. The remarkable electrocatalytic activity and stability could be attributed to the in situ generated catalyst with abundant under-coordinated Bi active sites, which are effectively stabilized by residual ligands adsorbed on surface. This study demonstrates that ligand-stabilized under-coordinated surface sites would be facilely generated from in situ transformation of metal-organic precursors for highly efficient CO2 conversion.