Time scale for the Permian and Triassic groups in the Stratigraphical Scale of Germany 2002, cyclostratigraphic calibration of the Dyassic and Germanic Triassic groups and the age of the strata Roadium to Rhaetium 2005

For the timespan from 300 Ma to 200 Ma the numerical ages for the 17 global stages Gzhelian to Rhaetian and the five groups Rotliegend, Zechstein, Buntsandstein, Muschelkalk and Keuper of the Central European standard succession are estimated by means of integrated isotope-geochronometric data, weigthed average thicknesses, orbitally tuned sedimentary cycles and biostratigraphic and magnetostratigraphic correlations. For the Stratigraphische Tabelle von Deutschland 2002 (STD 2002), 230 time slices, bundled into 33 quasi isochronous "Folgen", are established. In the STD 2002 the latter have been estimated to have between ca. 0.5 m.y. and ca. 3.5 m.y. (rounded to 0.5 m.y.) durations using cycles of ca. 0.4 m.y. or ca. 0.1 m.y. duration. However, there are still significant possibilities for improved calibrations. A duration of >= 0.5 m.y. is proposed for large gaps in the Rotliegend and Keuper. The Central European Basin comprises a complete and unbroken sedimentary succession covering a time span of ca. 37 m.y. from Folge ro1 at ca. 266 Ma to Folge k2 at ca. 229 Ma. It is probably the most complete and most detailed studied section anywhere in the world which crosses the Palaeozoic-Mesozoic (Permian-Triassic) boundary. It is recommended to use the STD 2002 for the next five to ten years, although the duration of some alternative timespans are also discussed here. Thus, the duration of the Induan (Indusian) of ca. 2.0 m.y. in the STD 2002 is set at ca. 1.5 m.y. and of the Olenekian at ca. 3.6 m.y. The Roadium is estimated to ca. 3.5 (or 3.0) m.y., the Wordium to ca. 3.5 (or 3.0) m.y., the Capitanian to ca. 3,0 (oder 4,0) Ma, the Wuchiapingian to ca. 6.4 (or 6.9) m.y., the Changhsingian to ca. 3.1 m.y., the Anisian to ca. 6.4 m.y. (including the Agean substage with ca. 0.3 m.y.), the Ladinian (base: curionii zone) to ca. 4.0 m.y., the Carman to ca. 12.0 m.y., and the Permian-Triassic boundary at ca. 252.5 Ma. After taking into consideration the detected unconformities, the Keuper and Rotliegend have very similar durations of ca. 40.0 m.y. The Keuper is twice as long as the Muschelkalk, Buntsandstein, and Zechstein together. The latter three are less than 7 m.y. each. In the Southern Alps the 619-745 Latemar-Cycles (ZUHLKE et al. 2003) were, according to our cyclostratigraphic calibration of the Germanic Trias, accumulated in a time span of no more than 2.6 m.y. Thus, such cycles are of a sub-Milankovitch duration, averaging < 4.000 years.