Nanostructured black cobalt coatings for solar absorbers

Nanocrystalline black cobalt electrically deposited onto a steel substrate from aqueous solution was investigated. The influence of electrolyte composition and operating parameters on the appearance and optical properties of the coat was studied. The deposition conditions that ensure the highest solar absorptance were optimized. The chemical composition of fabricated thin films before and after annealing at 400 degrees C was determined by energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDS) and XPS technique. The crystal structure analysis showed that the bulk composition of the films was mainly cobalt oxide. The surface analysis reveals that the topmost surface layers of the films are made of different cobalt compounds confirming the multivalence state of Co on the surface with an oxidation state of >=+2. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation indicated that the surface morphology was changed from dendritic structure to lamellar at higher current density. The black cobalt film showed soft magnetic characteristicsand excellent optical properties to transform solar energy into thermal energy. Copyright (C) 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.