Dermal penetration of bisphenol A in human skin contributes marginally to total exposure

Bisphenol A (BPA) is ubiquitous and many exposure scenarios have been described during the last decades. While oral uptake is considered as the major route of exposure, the contribution of skin penetration has been recently discussed. In the present study, the dermal penetration rate of BPA has been determined in human skin in an in vitro test method according to the OECD Test Guideline 428. This analysis resulted in penetration of 8.6% and a total amount of bio-available BPA of 9.3% of the dose applied after 24 h incubation under realistic exposure conditions. This confirms that the systemic exposure to BPA via the skin contributes in a negligible way to total systemic BPA exposure. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.