Subjunctive Conditional Probability

被引:6
作者
Schwarz, Wolfgang [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Philosophy Psychol & Language Sci, 3 Charles St, Edinburgh EH8 9AD, Midlothian, Scotland
关键词
Probability; Supposition; Counterfactuals; Triviality; Decision theory; SEMANTICS; CHANCE; COUNTERFACTUALS; CREDENCE;
D O I
10.1007/s10992-016-9416-8
中图分类号
B81 [逻辑学(论理学)];
学科分类号
010104 ; 010105 ;
摘要
There seem to be two ways of supposing a proposition: supposing "indicatively" that Shakespeare didn't write Hamlet, it is likely that someone else did; supposing "subjunctively" that Shakespeare hadn't written Hamlet, it is likely that nobody would have written the play. Let P(B//A) be the probability of B on the subjunctive supposition that A. Is P(B//A) equal to the probability of the corresponding counterfactual, A square -> B? I review recent triviality arguments against this hypothesis and argue that they do not succeed. On the other hand, I argue that even if we can equate P(B//A) with P(A square -> B), we still need an account of how subjunctive conditional probabilities are related to unconditional probabilities. The triviality arguments reveal that the connection is not as straightforward as one might have hoped.
引用
收藏
页码:47 / 66
页数:20
相关论文
共 38 条
  • [1] Adams E. W., 1976, FDN PROBABILITY THEO, V1, P1
  • [2] BENNETT Jonathan, 2003, A philosophical Guide to Conditionals
  • [3] Multidimensional Possible-World Semantics for Conditionals
    Bradley, Richard
    [J]. PHILOSOPHICAL REVIEW, 2012, 121 (04) : 539 - 571
  • [4] Briggs R., MAKING DIFFERENCE ES
  • [5] Edgington Dorothy., 2008, P ARISTOTELIAN SOC, V108, P1, DOI [DOI 10.1111/J.1467-9264.2008.00233.X, 10.1111/j.1467-9264.2008.00233.x]
  • [6] IMAGING AND CONDITIONALIZATION
    GARDENFORS, P
    [J]. JOURNAL OF PHILOSOPHY, 1982, 79 (12) : 747 - 760
  • [7] Gardenfors P., 1988, Knowledge in flux
  • [8] Gibbard A., 1978, FDN APPL DECISION TH, P125, DOI DOI 10.1007/978-94-009-9789-9_5
  • [9] HAJEK A., 1994, PROBABILITY CONDITIO, P75
  • [10] Hajek A., 1994, PROBABILITY CONDITIO, P113