Post-magmatic alteration in eudialyte from the North Qoroq centre, South Greenland

The North Qoroq centre comprises a series of nested nepheline syenite intrusions and forms part of the mid-late Proterozoic Gardar province of South Greenland. Within the centre fractionation has produced varied rock types ranging from augite-syenite to lujavrite, a eudialyte microsyenite. Samples of eudialyte from the lujavrites of unit SN1B of the centre show evidence for two-stage alteration. This alteration ranges from slight modification along crystal margins to complete breakdown and replacement by new pseudomorphing phases. Modification to crystal margins is accompanied by increasing Nb and Zr contents and is related to metasomatism produced by the intrusion of younger syenite units of the North Qoroq centre. More extensive alteration is as a result of metasomatism followed by lower-temperature supergene alteration. Simplified reactions for this breakdown include eudialyte + metasomatic fluid = allanite + nepheline; eudialyte + metasomatic fluid = titanite + aegirine + mosandrite + wohlerite; eudialyte + fluid = zirfesite + fluid. Mass balance calculations for altered compared with unaltered samples of lujavrite show that alteration took place at approximately constant volume with an overall increase in Fe (+2.41 g/100g), Si and K (+0.65 and +0.61 g/100g), whilst Na (-2.67 g/100g) and all trace elements, particularly La, Y, Nb and Zr (-5.6 to -166 g/1000g)are lost from the system.