Microstructurally resolved modeling of all solid-state batteries: Latest progresses, opportunities, and challenges

All solid-state batteries are promising high-energy-density storage devices. To optimize their performance without costly trial and error approaches, microstructure-resolved continuum models have been proposed to understand the influence of the electrode architecture on their capabilities. We discuss the recent advances in the microstructure-resolved modeling of solid-state batteries. While not all of the experimentally observed phenomena can be accurately represented, these models generally agree that the low ionic conductivity of the solid electrolyte is a limiting factor. We conclude by highlighting the need for microstructure-resolved models of degradation mechanisms, manufacturing effects and artificial intelligence approaches speeding up the optimization of interfaces in all solid-state-battery electrodes.