Synthesis and sintering behavior of BaTiO3 prepared by different chemical methods

Different synthesis routes can have different effects upon the properties of materials. In this paper, four different chemical methods: sol-gel acetate method, citric acid method, methanol method and oxalic acid method have been used to prepare BaTiO3 powders. With the help of differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM), the powder characterization has been compared. The results show that for acetate acid and methanol methods the particle size is smaller at 600 degreesC, but growth rate of particle for oxalic acid method is lowest. In order to find the different routes' effects upon the sintering behavior, the powder prepared by different methods are pressed into pellets under 3 and 250 MPa, and then sintered at different temperatures. Among all the methods, the powder prepared by acetate acid and ethanol methods are easily to be pressed and higher density is easily to be obtained under 3 MPa, but they show less sensitive to the cold isostatic pressing (250 MPa) compared with oxalic acid and citric acid method. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.