Cold storage reveals distinct metabolic perturbations in processing and non-processing cultivars of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)

Cold-induced sweetening (CIS) causes considerable losses to the potato processing industry wherein the selection of potato genotypes using biochemical information has found to be advantageous. Here, H-1 NMR spectroscopy was performed to identify metabolic perturbations from tubers of five potato cultivars (Atlantic, Frito Lay-1533, Kufri Jyoti, Kufri Pukhraj, and PU1) differing in their CIS ability and processing characteristics at harvest and after cold storage (4 degrees C). Thirty-nine water-soluble metabolites were detected wherein significantly affected metabolites after cold storage were categorized into sugars, sugar alcohols, amino acids, and organic acids. Multivariate statistical analysis indicated significant differences in the metabolic profiles among the potato cultivars. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed that carbohydrates, amino acids, and organic acids are the key players in CIS. Interestingly, one of the processing cultivars, FL-1533, exhibited a unique combination of metabolites represented by low levels of glucose, fructose, and asparagine accompanied by high citrate levels. Conversely, non-processing cultivars (Kufri Pukhraj and Kufri Jyoti) showed elevated glucose, fructose, and malate levels. Our results indicate that metabolites such as glucose, fructose, sucrose, asparagine, glutamine, citrate, malate, proline, 4-aminobutyrate can be potentially utilized for the prediction, selection, and development of potato cultivars for long-term storage, nutritional, as well as processing attributes.