Nipah virus dynamics in bats and implications for spillover to humans

被引：147

作者：

Epstein, Jonathan H. ^{[1
]}

Anthony, Simon J. ^{[2
,15
]}

Islam, Ariful ^{[1
]}

Kilpatrick, A. Marm ^{[3
]}

Khan, Shahneaz Ali ^{[1
,4
]}

Balkey, Maria D. ^{[2
,5
]}

Ross, Noam ^{[1
]}

Smith, Ina ^{[6
]}

Zambrana-Torrelio, Carlos ^{[1
]}

Tao, Yun ^{[1
]}

Islam, Ausraful ^{[7
]}

Quan, Phenix Lan ^{[2
]}

Olival, Kevin J. ^{[1
]}

Khan, M. Salah Uddin ^{[7
]}

Gurley, Emily S. ^{[7
,8
]}

Hossein, M. Jahangir ^{[9
]}

Field, Hume E. ^{[1
]}

Fielder, Mark D. ^{[10
]}

Briese, Thomas ^{[2
]}

Rahman, Mahmudur ^{[11
]}

Broder, Christopher C. ^{[12
]}

Crameri, Gary ^{[6
]}

Wang, Lin-Fa ^{[13
]}

Luby, Stephen P. ^{[7
,14
]}

Lipkin, W. Ian ^{[2
]}

Daszak, Peter ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] EcoHlth Alliance, New York, NY 10018 USA

[2] Columbia Univ, Ctr Infect & Immun, New York, NY 10032 USA

[3] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA

[4] Chattogram Vet & Anim Sci Univ, Chattogram 4225, Khulshi, Bangladesh

[5] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA

[6] CSIRO, CSIRO Australian Anim Hlth Lab, Geelong, Vic 3219, Australia

[7] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh

[8] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA

[9] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Med Res Council Unit Gambia, Banjul, Gambia

[10] Kingston Univ, Sch Life Sci, Sci Engn & Comp Fac, London KT1 2EE, England

[11] Govt Bangladesh, Inst Epidemiol Dis Control & Res, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh

[12] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA

[13] Duke NUS Med Sch, Programme Emerging Infect Dis, Singapore 169857, Singapore

[14] Stanford Univ, Dept Infect Dis & Geog Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

[15] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Pathol Microbiol & Immunol, Sch Vet Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA

来源：

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA | 2020年 / 117卷 / 46期

关键词：

bats; henipavirus; Nipah virus; Pteropus; disease modeling; HENDRA VIRUS; FLYING-FOXES; PTEROPUS-GIGANTEUS; FRUIT BATS; RISK-FACTORS; EVOLVING EPIDEMIOLOGY; HENIPAVIRUS INFECTION; BANGLADESH; TRANSMISSION; ENCEPHALITIS;

D O I：

10.1073/pnas.2000429117

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Nipah virus (NiV) is an emerging bat-borne zoonotic virus that causes near-annual outbreaks of fatal encephalitis in South Asia- one of the most populous regions on Earth. In Bangladesh, infec-tion occurs when people drink date-palm sap contaminated with bat excreta. Outbreaks are sporadic, and the influence of viral dynamics in bats on their temporal and spatial distribution is poorly understood. We analyzed data on host ecology, molecular epidemiology, serological dynamics, and viral genetics to characterize spatiotemporal patterns of NiV dynamics in its wildlife reservoir, Pteropus medius bats, in Bangladesh. We found that NiV transmission occurred throughout the country and throughout the year. Model results indicated that local transmission dynamics were modulated by density-dependent transmission, acquired immunity that is lost over time, and recrudescence. Increased transmission followed multiyear periods of declining seroprevalence due to bat population turnover and individual loss of humoral immunity. Individual bats had smaller host ranges than other Pteropus species (spp.), although movement data and the discovery of a Malaysiaclade NiV strain in eastern Bangladesh suggest connectivity with bats east of Bangladesh. These data suggest that discrete multi annual local epizootics in bat populations contribute to the sporadic nature of NiV outbreaks in South Asia. At the same time, the broad spatial and temporal extent of NiV transmission, including the recent outbreak in Kerala, India, highlights the continued risk of spillover to humans wherever they may interact with pteropid bats and the importance of limiting opportunities for spillover throughout Pteropus's range.

引用

页码：29190 / 29201

页数：12

共 116 条

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