Aging has greater impact on anaerobic versus aerobic power in trained masters athletes

This study measured the relative rates of change of the three human energy systems across a 30-year age range. A cross-section of highly trained masters cyclists (n = 156 males and 17 females; 3564 years) were tested for maximal cycling performance. There were 50 (29%) track sprint cyclists and the remaining (71%) were predominantly road cycling specialists. A 10 s peak power test measured anaerobic power, a 30 s test measured anaerobic capacity, and a progressive test to volitional fatigue was used to determine peak aerobic power. Participants exercise patterns were recorded using a physical activity recall questionnaire. Linear regression showed significant changes in anaerobic performance with aging. Peak anaerobic power (W . kg-1) declined at a rate (mean +/- SEE) of 8.1 +/- 4.1% per decade (P < 0.0001) and anaerobic capacity (kJ . kg-1) declined at 8.0 +/- 3.3% per decade (P < 0.0001). Peak aerobic power [W . kg-1] did not change significantly with age [-1.8 +/- 1.5% per decade (P = 0.218)]. This cross-sectional study showed performance of the two anaerobic energy systems declined significantly across the age spectrum with no change in aerobic capacity.