The associations between adult attachment, posttraumatic symptoms, and posttraumatic growth

被引:40
作者
Arikan, Gizem [1 ]
Stopa, Lusia [2 ]
Carnelley, Katherine B. [2 ]
Karl, Anke [3 ]
机构
[1] Ozyegin Univ, Dept Psychol, Istanbul, Turkey
[2] Univ Southampton, Psychol Acad Unit, Southampton, Hants, England
[3] Univ Exeter, Dept Psychol, Exeter EX4 4RJ, Devon, England
关键词
attachment; emotion regulation; posttraumatic symptoms; perceived PTG; posttraumatic cognitions; COGNITIONS INVENTORY PTCI; STRESS-DISORDER SYMPTOMS; PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES; TRAUMA; PREDICTORS; APPRAISALS; SURVIVORS; EXPOSURE; PTSD; METAANALYSIS;
D O I
10.1080/10615806.2015.1009833
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
Background and Objectives: Individual differences after trauma vary considerably and can range from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) to posttraumatic growth (PTG). Current theoretical models cannot fully explain this variability. Therefore, we integrated attachment theory with Ehlers and Clark's model of PTSD to understand whether attachment style is associated with negative appraisals of a traumatic event(s), posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTS), and PTG. Our aim was to test this integrated model PTSD in an analog sample who had experienced at least one traumatic event. Design: We used structural equation modeling to test the association of adult attachment and posttraumatic cognitions (self and world/others) with PTS and PTG using a cross-sectional, correlational design. Methods: The sample comprised 393 university staff and students (Range(Age)= 18-49, 85% females) who completed online measures. Results: Attachment anxiety and negative posttraumatic self-cognitions were positively associated. Negative posttraumatic self-cognitions were positively associated with PTS. Attachment anxiety had an indirect effect (via negative posttraumatic self-cognitions) on PTS, whereas attachment avoidance predicted more negative posttraumatic world cognitions and lower perceived PTG. Conclusions: The study highlights the importance of considering how attachment styles influence posttraumatic emotion regulation and cognitive processing of the trauma to determine posttraumatic mental health.
引用
收藏
页码:1 / 20
页数:20
相关论文
共 75 条
[1]   The role of negative cognitive appraisals in PTSD symptoms following spinal cord injuries [J].
Agar, Elenor ;
Kennedy, Paul ;
King, Nigel S. .
BEHAVIOURAL AND COGNITIVE PSYCHOTHERAPY, 2006, 34 (04) :437-452
[2]  
Ainsworth M. D. S., 2015, Patterns of attachment: A psychological study of the strange situation, DOI DOI 10.4324/9780203758045
[3]   STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING IN PRACTICE - A REVIEW AND RECOMMENDED 2-STEP APPROACH [J].
ANDERSON, JC ;
GERBING, DW .
PSYCHOLOGICAL BULLETIN, 1988, 103 (03) :411-423
[4]  
[Anonymous], 2008, Traumatology, DOI [10.1177/1534765608319085, DOI 10.1177/1534765608319085]
[5]  
[Anonymous], 2010, Mplus user's guide
[6]   Attachment and Coping as Facilitators of Posttraumatic Growth in Turkish University Students Experiencing Traumatic Events [J].
Arikan, Gizem ;
Karanci, Nuray .
JOURNAL OF TRAUMA & DISSOCIATION, 2012, 13 (02) :209-225
[7]  
Association AP, 1994, DIAGN STAT MAN MENT
[8]   ATTACHMENT STYLES AMONG YOUNG-ADULTS - A TEST OF A 4-CATEGORY MODEL [J].
BARTHOLOMEW, K ;
HOROWITZ, LM .
JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, 1991, 61 (02) :226-244
[9]   SEVERITY OF TRAUMA AS PREDICTOR OF LONG-TERM PSYCHOLOGICAL STATUS IN SURVIVORS OF TORTURE [J].
BASOGLU, M ;
PAKER, M .
JOURNAL OF ANXIETY DISORDERS, 1995, 9 (04) :339-350
[10]   Psychometric properties of the posttraumatic cognitions inventory (PTCI): A replication with motor vehicle accident survivors [J].
Beck, JG ;
Coffey, SF ;
Palyo, SA ;
Gudmundsdottir, B ;
Miller, LM ;
Colder, CR .
PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT, 2004, 16 (03) :289-298