Stereoselective pharmacokinetics of ketamine and norketamine after racemic ketamine or S-ketamine administration in Shetland ponies sedated with xylazine

被引：33

作者：

Larenza, M. Paula ^{[2
]}

Knobloch, Monika ^{[2
]}

Landoni, M. Fabiana ^{[3
]}

Levionnois, Olivier L. ^{[2
]}

Kronen, Peter W. ^{[2
]}

Theurillat, Regula ^{[1
]}

Schatzmann, Urs ^{[2
]}

Thormann, Wolfgang ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Bern, Dept Clin Pharmacol, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland

[2] Vetsuisse Fac, Dept Clin Vet Med, Anaesthesiol Sect, Bern, Switzerland

[3] Natl Univ La Plata, Fac Vet, Dept Pharmacol, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina

来源：

VETERINARY JOURNAL | 2008年 / 177卷 / 03期

关键词：

ketamine enantiomers; norketamine; pharmacokinetics; xylazine; capillary electrophoresis;

D O I：

10.1016/j.tvjl.2007.05.005

中图分类号：

S85 [动物医学（兽医学）];

学科分类号：

0906 ;

摘要：

The pharmacokinetics of ketamine and norketamine enantiomers after administration of intravenous (TV) racemic ketamine (R-/S-ketamine; 2.2 mg/kg) or S-ketamine (1.1 mg/kg) to five ponies sedated with IV xylazine (1.1 mg/kg) were compared. The time intervals to assume sternal and standing positions were recorded. Arterial blood samples were collected before and 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 13 min after ketamine administration. Arterial blood gases were evaluated 5 min after ketamine injection. Plasma concentrations of ketamine and norketamine enantiomers were determined by capillary electrophoresis and were evaluated by non-linear least square regression analysis applying a monocompartmental model. The first-order elimination rate constant was significantly higher and elimination half-life and mean residence time were lower for S-ketamine after S-ketamine compared to R-/S-ketamine administration. The maximum concentration of S-norketamine was higher after S-ketamine administration. Time to standing position was significantly diminished after S-ketamine compared to R-/S-ketamine. Blood gases showed low-degree hypoxaemia and hypercarbia. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：432 / 435

页数：4

共 10 条

[1]

DOENICKE A, 1992, ANAESTHESIST, V41, P610

[2]

GIBALDI M, 1991, BIOPHARMACEUTICS CLI

[3] Stereoselective pharmacokinetics of ketamine:: R(-)-ketamine inhibits the elimination of S(+)-ketamine [J].

Ihmsen, H ;

Geisslinger, G ;

Schüttler, J .

CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, 2001, 70 (05) :431-438

[4] METABOLISM OF KETAMINE STEREOISOMERS BY HUMAN LIVER-MICROSOMES [J].

KHARASCH, ED ;

LABROO, R .

ANESTHESIOLOGY, 1992, 77 (06) :1201-1207

[5] Antinociceptive effects, metabolism and disposition of ketamine in ponies under target-controlled drug infusion [J].

Knobloch, M. ;

Portier, C. J. ;

Levionnois, O. L. ;

Theurillat, R. ;

Thormann, W. ;

Spadavecchia, C. ;

Mevissen, M. .

TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY, 2006, 216 (03) :373-386

[6] Stereoselective pharmacokinetics of ketamine and norketamine after racemic ketamine or S-ketamine administration during isoflurane anaesthesia in Shetland ponies [J].

Larenza, M. P. ;

Landoni, M. F. ;

Levionnois, O. L. ;

Knobloch, M. ;

Kronen, P. W. ;

Theurillat, R. ;

Schatzmann, U. ;

Thormann, W. .

BRITISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA, 2007, 98 (02) :204-212

[7] Evaluation of xylazine and ketamine for total intravenous anesthesia in horses [J].

Mama, KR ;

Wagner, AE ;

Steffey, EP ;

Kollias-Baker, C ;

Hellyer, PW ;

Golden, AE ;

Brevard, LF .

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH, 2005, 66 (06) :1002-1007

[8] ESTIMATING DIMENSION OF A MODEL [J].

SCHWARZ, G .

ANNALS OF STATISTICS, 1978, 6 (02) :461-464

[9] Characterization of the stereoselective biotransformation of ketamine to norketamine via determination of their enantiomers in equine plasma by capillary electrophoresis [J].

Theurillat, R ;

Knobloch, M ;

Levionnois, O ;

Larenza, P ;

Mevissen, M ;

Thormann, W .

ELECTROPHORESIS, 2005, 26 (20) :3942-3951

[10]

YAMAOKA KT, 1978, J PHARMACOKINET BIOP, V6, P65

← 1 →