Syngas production from heptane in a non-catalytic counter-flow reactor

Hydrogen-based power systems, such as fuel cells, are promising clean energy technologies. A significant obstacle, however, is the production and distribution of hydrogen. Production at the site of use is widely believed to be a viable near-term solution. Hydrocarbon fuels that are readily transported can be reformed into synthesis gas, or syngas, which is a gaseous mixture of hydrogen, carbon monoxide and other species. Fuel reforming therefore permits high density energy storage that can effectively replace or supplement batteries for remote applications. Current industrial methods of syngas production do not scale down efficiently, but an alternative method, non-catalytic partial oxidation, is a viable option for small scale production. An advantage of this method is the lack of catalyst, which is expensive and prone to damage. In this paper we present the experimental results of syngas production from heptane using a non-catalytic reactor based on the concept of counter-flow heat exchange. The reactor operates on the principle of heat recirculation in order to achieve temperatures that are superadiabatic, or higher than those predicted by equilibrium, thereby permitting increased oxidation rates of reactant mixtures. A key advantage of this type of reactor is that the reaction zones are stationary, allowing continuous operation. Previous studies have examined the reforming of methane and propane using the counter-flow reactor, and those results are compared with the results of the current study. Heptane is notably the first liquid fuel to be reformed using the counter-flow reactor. This is important for establishing the fuel flexibility of the reactor and, in conjunction with previously acquired data, guiding future design and operation. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of The Combustion Institute.