Evaluating the Performance of a Lab-Scale Water Treatment Plant Using Non-Thermal Plasma Technology

In this study, a lab-scale plant was designed to treat water in continuous flow condition using non-thermal plasma technology. The core was an electrode system with connected high-voltage (HV) pulse generator. Its potentials and limitations were investigated in different experimental series with regard to the high-voltage settings, additions of oxygen-based species, different volume flow rates, and various physical-chemical properties of the process water such as conductivity, pH value, and temperature. Indigo carmine, para-Chlorobenzoic acid, and phenol were chosen as reference substances. The best HV settings was found for the voltage amplitudeU= 30 kV, the pulse repetition ratef= 0.4-0.6 kHz, and the pulse durationt(b)= 500 ns with an energy yield for 50% degradationG(50), which is of 41.8 g center dot kWh(-1)for indigo carmine, 0.32 g center dot kWh(-1)for para-Chlorobenzoic acid, and 1.04 g center dot kWh(-1)for phenol. By adding 1 x 10(-3)mol center dot L(-1)of oxygen, a 50% increase in degradation was achieved for para-Chlorobenzoic acid. Conductivity is the key parameter for degradation efficiency with a negative exponential dependence. The most important species for degradation are hydroxyl radicals (c approximate to 1.4 x 10(-8)mol center dot L-1) and solvated electrons (c approximate to 1.4 x 10(-8)mol center dot L-1). The results show that the technology could be upgraded from the small-scale experiments described in the literature to a pilot plant level and has the potential to be used on a large scale for different applications.