Retrospective analysis of clinicopathological factors and outcome in breast cancer in young women in a tertiary care hospital in India

BACKGROUND: The proportion of breast cancer is rising in India. It presents at a younger age in India as compared to the western countries. AIMS: This is a retrospective study of 86 breast cancer patients less than 40 years treated in a single center from June 2006 to June 2011. The aim was to assess the factors that may influence clinical outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data were collected from medical records. Variables such as age, stage, surgery, chemotherapy, tumor size, grade, nodal status, perinodal extension, lymphovascular emboli, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and HER-2 neu were analyzed in relation to outcome. RESULTS: Out of total 613 breast cancer patients, 91 (14.8%) were younger than 40 years. Five were excluded due to incomplete data; hence, 86 patients were included in this study. Median tumor size was 3 cm and lymph node positivity was 56.9%. Lymphovascular emboli were positive in 48.8% and perinodal extension was positive in 41.8%. Estrogen receptor positivity was 34.8%, progesterone receptor positivity was 45.3%, and triple negativity was 45.3%. The median follow-up period was 27 months with disease free survival being 73.2% and overall survival being 87.2%. In univariate analysis, the factors significantly associated with survival were stage at presentation, presence of lymphovascular emboli, perinodal extension and grade of the tumor. In multivariate analysis grade of tumor was the only significant factor. CONCLUSIONS: In young women with breast cancer, the factors significantly associated with survival were clinical stage at presentation, the presence of lymphovascular emboli and perinodal extension and grade of tumor.