Carbocyclic dinucleoside polyphosphonates: Interaction with HIV reverse transcriptase and antiviral activity

Carbocyclic alpha,gamma-bis(nucleoside)-5,5'-triphosphonates and alpha,delta-bis(nucleoside)-5,5'-tetraphosphonates (Ap4A and Gp4G) analogues were shown to be a new type of terminating substrate of HIV reverse transcriptase. They effectively inhibited the DNA synthesis catalyzed by this enzyme in model cell-free systems, but their antiviral activity both in Rat1 fibroblast cell culture bearing MLV reverse transcriptase and in HIV-infected MT-4 cells was low. When a liposome delivery system was used, the antiviral efficacy of the compounds under study was increased.