A cavity-receiver containing a tubular absorber for high-temperature thermochemical processing using concentrated solar energy

被引:91
作者
Melchior, Tom [1 ]
Perkins, Christopher [2 ]
Weimer, Alan W. [2 ]
Steinfeld, Aldo [1 ,3 ]
机构
[1] ETH, Dept Mech & Proc Engn, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
[2] Univ Colorado, Ctr Engn, Dept Biol & Chem Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
[3] Paul Scherrer Inst, Solar Technol Lab, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
关键词
Solar; Energy; Cavity; Reactor; Receiver; Thermochemical cycle; Water splitting; Hydrogen; Zinc; Heat transfer;
D O I
10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2007.12.003
中图分类号
O414.1 [热力学];
学科分类号
摘要
A solar chemical reactor consisting of a cylindrical cavity-receiver containing a tubular ceramic absorber is considered for performing ther-mochemical processes using concentrated solar radiation as the energy source of high-temperature process heat. The model chemical reaction selected is the thermal dissociation of ZnO into its elements. which proceeds endothermically at above 1800 K and is part of a 2-step H2O-splitting thermochemical cycle for H-2 production. A lab-scale 5 kW reactor prototype is fabricated and subjected to high-flux solar irradiation in the range 448-2125 kW/m(2). A heat transfer reactor model is formulated that encompasses the governing mass and energy conservation equations coupling radiation/convection/conduction heat transfer to the chemical kinetics, and their solution by Monte Carlo ray-tracing and finite difference techniques. Validation was accomplished by comparing numerically computed and experimentally measured temperatures and reaction rates in the 1780-1975 K range. The reactor model is further applied to simulate a continuous thermochemical process, identify major sources of irreversibility, and predict solar-to-chemical energy conversion efficiencies. (C) 2007 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:1496 / 1503
页数:8
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