Dynamic expression of cell-surface antigens probed with Candida albicans-specific monoclonal antibodies

IgG hybridomas were produced which preferentially reacted with cell-surface antigens of either yeast cells or hyphae of Candida albicans. Four mAbs were used in an immunostaining procedure to follow the expression dynamics of these antigens in media supplemented with glucose or galactose. Yeast cell growth was analysed during the lag phase, the early- and late-exponential phases and the stationary phase, and mycelium formation was analysed between 0.5 and 24 h induction at 37 degrees C. It appears that yeast cell-surface antigens 5C11 and 2E11 are expressed throughout all phases of yeast cell growth as well as on young hyphae after up to 1 h induction. Longer hyphae only faintly react with these two mAbs as they switch to hyphal cell-surface antigens 2G8 and 4E1 after 3 h induction, The reactivity to mAbs 2G8 and 4E1 was induced after a 3 h temperature shift and was confined to the terminal third of growing mycelia. Growth and hyphae induction in galactose prolonged the reactivity of young hyphae with the two anti-yeast-cell mAbs, whereas the expression of surface antigens 2G8 and 2E11 appeared delayed and desynchronized on hyphae. Whereas a similar reactivity was found with ten ATCC strains of C. albicans, four clinical isolates had a unique pattern of reactivity. Immunoblot analyses of DTT extracts of cell-surface constituents indicated that the antigens were proteinaceous in nature and showed that yeast-cell antigens 5C11 and 2E11 are detected in four bands between 68 and 104 kDa, whereas mycelial antigens 4E1 and 2G8 are detected in 117 kDa and 104 kDa bands found in mycelial but not in yeast-cell extracts. Present data support the concept of a dynamic balance in the expression of phase-specific antigens in C. albicans.