Functional Extinction of Birds Drives Rapid Evolutionary Changes in Seed Size

被引：527

作者：

Galetti, Mauro ^{[1
]}

Guevara, Roger ^{[2
]}

Cortes, Marina C. ^{[1
]}

Fadini, Rodrigo ^{[3
]}

Von Matter, Sandro ^{[4
]}

Leite, Abraao B. ^{[1
]}

Labecca, Fabio ^{[1
]}

Ribeiro, Thiago ^{[1
]}

Carvalho, Carolina S. ^{[5
]}

Collevatti, Rosane G. ^{[5
]}

Pires, Mathias M. ^{[6
]}

Guimaraes, Paulo R., Jr. ^{[6
]}

Brancalion, Pedro H. ^{[7
]}

Ribeiro, Milton C. ^{[1
]}

Jordano, Pedro ^{[8
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Ecol, BR-13506900 Sao Paulo, Brazil

[2] AC Red Biol Evolut, Inst Ecol, Xalapa 91070, Veracruz, Mexico

[3] Univ Fed Oeste Para, Inst Biodiversidade & Florestas, BR-68035110 Santarem, Para, Brazil

[4] Univ Fed Rural Estado Rio de Janeiro, Dept Biol Anim, BR-23897000 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil

[5] Univ Fed Goias, Lab Genet & Biodiversidade, BR-74001970 Goiania, Go, Brazil

[6] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Ecol, BR-0550890 Sao Paulo, Brazil

[7] Univ Sao Paulo, Esco Super Agr Luiz de Queiroz, Dept Ciencias Florestais, BR-13418900 Sao Paulo, Brazil

[8] CSIC, EBD, Integrat Ecol Grp, E-41092 Seville, Spain

来源：

SCIENCE | 2013年 / 340卷 / 6136期

基金：

巴西圣保罗研究基金会;

关键词：

PALM EUTERPE-EDULIS; AVIAN FRUGIVORES; GERMINATION; PREDATORS; DISPERSAL; SURVIVAL; DENSITY; TREE;

D O I：

10.1126/science.1233774

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Local extinctions have cascading effects on ecosystem functions, yet little is known about the potential for the rapid evolutionary change of species in human-modified scenarios. We show that the functional extinction of large-gape seed dispersers in the Brazilian Atlantic forest is associated with the consistent reduction of the seed size of a keystone palm species. Among 22 palm populations, areas deprived of large avian frugivores for several decades present smaller seeds than nondefaunated forests, with negative consequences for palm regeneration. Coalescence and phenotypic selection models indicate that seed size reduction most Likely occurred within the past 100 years, associated with human-driven fragmentation. The fast-paced defaunation of large vertebrates is most Likely causing unprecedented changes in the evolutionary trajectories and community composition of tropical forests.

引用

页码：1086 / 1090

页数：6

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