An assessment of Antarctic Circumpolar Current and Southern Ocean meridional overturning circulation during 1958-2007 in a suite of interannual CORE-II simulations

被引：115

作者：

Farneti, Riccardo ^{[1
]}

Downes, Stephanie M. ^{[2
,3
]}

Griffies, Stephen M. ^{[4
]}

Marsland, Simon J. ^{[5
]}

Behrens, Erik ^{[6
]}

Bentsen, Mats ^{[7
]}

Bi, Daohua ^{[5
]}

Biastoch, Arne ^{[6
]}

Boening, Claus ^{[6
]}

Bozec, Alexandra ^{[8
]}

Canuto, Vittorio M. ^{[9
]}

Chassignet, Eric ^{[8
]}

Danabasoglu, Gokhan ^{[10
]}

Danilov, Sergey ^{[11
]}

Diansky, Nikolay ^{[12
]}

Drange, Helge ^{[13
]}

Fogli, Pier Giuseppe ^{[14
]}

Gusev, Anatoly ^{[12
]}

Hallberg, Robert W. ^{[4
]}

Howard, Armando ^{[9
,20
]}

Ilicak, Mehmet ^{[7
]}

Jung, Thomas ^{[11
]}

Kelley, Maxwell ^{[9
]}

Large, William G. ^{[10
]}

Leboissetier, Anthony ^{[9
,15
]}

Long, Matthew ^{[10
]}

Lu, Jianhua ^{[8
]}

Masina, Simona ^{[14
,16
]}

Mishra, Akhilesh ^{[8
]}

Navarra, Antonio ^{[14
,16
]}

Nurser, A. J. George ^{[17
]}

Patara, Lavinia ^{[6
]}

Samuels, Bonita L. ^{[4
]}

Sidorenko, Dmitry ^{[11
]}

Tsujino, Hiroyuki ^{[18
]}

Uotila, Petteri ^{[5
,19
]}

Wang, Qiang ^{[11
]}

Yeager, Steve G. ^{[10
]}

机构：

[1] Abdus Salaam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, Trieste, Italy

[2] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Earth Sci, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia

[3] Australian Natl Univ, ARC Ctr Excellence Climate Syst Sci, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia

[4] NOAA Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab GFDL, Princeton, NJ USA

[5] Ctr Australian Weather & Climate Res, Aspendale, Vic, Australia

[6] GEOMAR Helmholtz Ctr Ocean Res Kiel, Kiel, Germany

[7] Uni Res Ltd, Bergen, Norway

[8] Florida State Univ, COAPS, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA

[9] NASA Goddard Inst Space Studies GISS, New York, NY USA

[10] NCAR, Boulder, CO USA

[11] AWI, Helmholtz Ctr Polar & Marine Res, Bremerhaven, Germany

[12] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Numer Math, Moscow, Russia

[13] Univ Bergen, Bergen, Norway

[14] Ctr Euromediterraneo Cambiamenti Climat CMCC, Bologna, Italy

[15] Trinnovim LLC, New York, NY USA

[16] INGV, Bologna, Italy

[17] NOCS, Southampton, Hants, England

[18] Japan Meteorol Agcy, MRI, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan

[19] Finnish Meteorol Inst, FIN-00101 Helsinki, Finland

[20] CUNY Medgar Evers Coll, New York, NY USA

来源：

OCEAN MODELLING | 2015年 / 93卷

基金：

美国国家科学基金会; 俄罗斯科学基金会;

关键词：

Global oceara--sea ice modeling; Model comparisons; Southern Ocean meridional overturning circulation; Antarctic Circumpolar Current; Southern Ocean dynamics; NORTH-ATLANTIC SIMULATIONS; DRAKE PASSAGE; SEA-ICE; PART I; GLOBAL CLIMATE; ANNULAR MODE; MIXED-LAYER; THICKNESS DIFFUSIVITY; VERTICAL COORDINATE; EDDY DIFFUSIVITY;

D O I：

10.1016/j.ocemod.2015.07.009

中图分类号：

P4 [大气科学（气象学）];

学科分类号：

0706 ; 070601 ;

摘要：

In the framework of the second phase of the Coordinated Ocean-ice Reference Experiments (CORE-II), we present an analysis of the representation of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) and Southern Ocean meridional overturning circulation (MOC) in a suite of seventeen global ocean-sea ice models. We focus on the mean, variability and trends of both the ACC and MOC over the 1958-2007 period, and discuss their relationship with the surface forcing. We aim to quantify the degree of eddy saturation and eddy compensation in the models participating in CORE-II, and compare our results with available observations, previous fineresolution numerical studies and theoretical constraints. Most models show weak ACC transport sensitivity to changes in forcing during the past five decades, and they can be considered to be in an eddy saturated regime. Larger contrasts arise when considering MOC trends, with a majority of models exhibiting significant strengthening of the MOC during the late 20th and early 21st century. Only a few models show a relatively small sensitivity to forcing changes, responding with an intensified eddy-induced circulation that provides some degree of eddy compensation, while still showing considerable decadal trends. Both ACC and MOC interannual variabilities are largely controlled by the Southern Annular Mode (SAM). Based on these results, models are clustered into two groups. Models with constant or two-dimensional (horizontal) specification of the eddy-induced advection coefficient K show larger ocean interior decadal trends, larger ACC transport decadal trends and no eddy compensation in the MOC. Eddy-permitting models or models with a threedimensional time varying K show smaller changes in isopycnal slopes and associated ACC trends, and partial eddy compensation. As previously argued, a constant in time or space lc is responsible for a poor representation of mesoscale eddy effects and cannot properly simulate the sensitivity of the ACC and MOC to changing surface forcing. Evidence is given for a larger sensitivity of the MOC as compared to the ACC transport, even when approaching eddy saturation. Future process studies designed for disentangling the role of momentum and buoyancy forcing in driving the ACC and MOC are proposed. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：84 / 120

页数：37

共 166 条

[21] How wind-forcing and air-sea heat exchange determine the meridional temperature gradient and stratification for the Antarctic Circumpolar Current [J].