It has been 30 years since early esophageal cancer first reported in 1966. As to definition of early esophageal cancer, subclassification being used recently. In viewing the treatment results of esophageal cancer, it is apparent that early detection plays a most important role to improve diseases. In these case of mucosal cancer by early detection, five year survival rate showed more than 95% and minimally invasive therapy such as endoscopic mucosal resection is useful. While detection method has been advanced tremendously since esophageal symptoms rare in early stage, enlightenment promotion for esophageal cancer by the general public is much desired.