Phase I study of twelve-day prolonged infusion of high-dose ifosfamide and doxorubicin as first-line chemotherapy in adult patients with advanced soft tissue sarcomas

Purpose: To determine whether a prolonged 12-day continuous infusion allows the administration of high-dose ifosfamide (IFO) with an acceptable toxicity profile when combined with full-dose doxorubicin (Adriamycin(R); ADM) as first-line chemotherapy in patients with advanced soft tissue sarcomas. Patients and methods: Escalating doses of continuous infusion IFO (8-15 g/m(2)) given on days I to 12 in combination with ADM 75 mg/m(2) given on day 8 and prophylactic granulocyte colony-stimulating factor support were administered every 4 weeks to 35 chemonaive patients with advanced soft tissue sarcomas. Results: The maximum tolerated dose was IFO 15 g/m(2). Hematological toxicity was the main dose-limiting toxicity and was dose dependent. Furthermore, thrombocytopenia was cumulative. Grade 4 (WHO) neutropenia and thrombocytopenia were recorded in 48% and 14% of courses, respectively. Eight patients experienced febrile neutropenia. A partial response was observed in 16 out of 30 assessable patients [53%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 25-63]; median time to progression was 25 weeks (range 4-91). Conclusions: This study proved that a prolonged 12-day continuous infusion allows an increase in the total IFO dose that can be safely combined with ADM. A multicentric phase II study by the Italian Sarcoma Group to assess its antitumor activity is currently ongoing in patients with advanced soft tissue sarcomas.