Multi-objective optimization of a power generation system based SOFC using Taguchi/AHP/TOPSIS triple method

In the present study, a combined heat and power system with a prime-mover of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) was modeled and validated against experimental data available in the literature. Different response variables were considered and the optimum conditions were recognized using the signal to noise ratio analysis of the Taguchi approach to individually maximize/minimize the response variables. These optimum conditions were selected as different alternatives and the response variables were considered as the criteria for multi-criteria decision making problem. The multi-objective optimization problem was solved using a couple of methods of analytical hierarchy process/technique for order preferences by similarity to ideal solution. The contributions of each parameter on the response variables were calculated using analysis of variance tool of Taguchi approach. The current density is the most effective parameter on the electrical power with the contribution of 71.5%. Power was significantly increased by the current density. The current density of 5500 A/m(2), the SOFC outlet temperature of 950 degrees C, and the fuel utilization factor of 0.8 were selected as the multi-objective optimum condition. In this condition, the electrical energy efficiency is maximum (48.03%), the CO2 emission is minimum (281.4 kg/MW.h), and the electrical exergy efficiency is maximum (46.33%).