Maternal medical compromise during pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes

Objective: To examine the outcomes of pregnancy and newborn following an event of maternal medical compromise during pregnancy. Methods: A retrospective study was performed on all patients hospitalized following an event of medical compromise during pregnancy. Medical compromise was divided to acute or chronic bleeding, major or complicated operations, and admission to intensive care unit (ICU). Data collected included maternal, fetal, neonatal and child's follow-up. Results: The study included 51 pregnant patients and 58 fetuses. The study group had increased risk of preterm deliveries (35.0 versus 6.5%, p<0.001), cesarean delivery (55.0 versus 22.7%, p<0.001) and low Apgar scores (5.0 versus 0.45%, p = 0.002). Patients with acute bleeding had higher rates of cesarean sections, preterm deliveries, admissions to neonatal ICU and neonatal mortality. Two cases of fetal abnormalities included brain abnormalities and pericardial effusion. Three terminations of pregnancies were performed: two in patients in ICU due to severe maternal medical condition and one in the fetus with brain abnormalities. Conclusions: Maternal medical compromise during pregnancy increases the risk for preterm deliveries, cesarean delivery and low Apgar scores. Acute bleeding was the main cause of medical compromised and with the higher rates of adverse outcomes.