Fitness costs and benefits of personality disorder traits

被引：15

作者：

Gutierrez, Fernando ^{[1
,2
]}

Garriz, Miguel

Peri, Josep M.

Ferraz, Liliana ^{[3
]}

Sol, Daniel ^{[4
]}

Blas Navarro, Jose ^{[5
]}

Barbadilla, Antonio ^{[6
]}

Valdes, Manuel ^{[2
,7
]}

机构：

[1] Hosp Clin Barcelona, Inst Neurosci, Personal Disorder Unit, E-08036 Barcelona, Spain

[2] IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain

[3] Fundacio Clin Recerca Biomed, Barcelona, Spain

[4] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, CREAF Ctr Ecol Res & Forestry Applicat, Barcelona, Spain

[5] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Psychobiol & Methodol Behav Sci, Barcelona, Spain

[6] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Genet & Microbiol, Fac Biociencies, Grp Genom Bioinformat & Evolut, Barcelona, Spain

[7] Univ Barcelona, Dept Psychiat & Clin Psychobiol, E-08007 Barcelona, Spain

来源：

EVOLUTION AND HUMAN BEHAVIOR | 2013年 / 34卷 / 01期

关键词：

Life History Strategies; Fitness; Psychopathology; Personality; Personality Disorder; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; BEHAVIORAL SYNDROMES; ANIMAL PERSONALITY; SEXUAL SELECTION; EVOLUTIONARY; LIFE; FERTILITY; CONSEQUENCES; TEMPERAMENT; STRATEGIES;

D O I：

10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2012.09.001

中图分类号：

B84 [心理学];

学科分类号：

04 ; 0402 ;

摘要：

Extreme personality traits in humans often have detrimental life consequences, so they have long been supposed to be diseases. However, many other species display personality variants that are maintained due to their fitness advantages; in this case, they are construed as strategies. To examine the fitness costs and benefits of pathological personality traits in humans, we measured features of the A (socially odd, distrustful), B (incentive-seeking, selfish) and C (fearful, inhibited) clusters with the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4+ (PDQ-4+) in a sample of 738 outpatients. Fitness relevant parameters like mating success, reproductive output, self preservation, and access to status were assessed with the Life Outcome Questionnaire. No fitness advantages were found for high-A subjects. In contrast, high-B subjects tripled low-B subjects with regard to mating success and had 39% more offspring. Further. high-C subjects outperformed low-C subjects in attaining status and avoiding risks. These findings help explain the commonness of some extreme personality traits in humans, and suggest that they should be seen as evolutionary strategies rather than as diseases. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：41 / 48

页数：8